The paper gives a close study of different points of view on the issue of Russia’s break-up. The author emphasizes that the overcoming of disintegration processes requires in the first place a positive decision on the question of the Russian state matrix. The knowledge of the matrix allows to consider an optimal form of the Russian state. The perspective opens possibilities for the struggle with the threats to the Russian integrity.

This paper is based on a number of works of the author, as well as of A. Kozhev, L. Boltanski and L. Thévenot. Justice presents specific idea for harmonization of the specific interests of the concrete social groups of the concrete socium - depending on the characteristics of the historical development and the balance of power in this socium. Identification of such disposition is the main task of political analysis of justice.

The author justifies the thesis that at the age of globalization understanding of justice has transformed having implied to the agenda a necessity of an interconnection its national and global demands. Such interconnection is possible on the basis of the new worldview paradigm where different cultures see their own national development in a close connection with the development of other actors of global society. Thus, justice has obtained another understanding as an imperative of converting global resources into common good through the participation of cultures and countries in a realization of the alternative scenarios of development.

The author raises a question of appropriateness of using the concept of «ideocracy» in political science. In the present article, we attempt to analyze a content of this concept by introducing some variants of its usage in ideological and scientific papers. This operation allows us to reveal different shades of meaning, discover interpretative cleavages and outline ways to develop valuable heuristic construct. In the end there is a proposition to regard ideocracy as a complex ideological phenomenon which reveals notions of problematic semantic notions inside systems of political ideas.

The purpose of this article is understanding of the phenomenon of political trust in the process of public communication and the directing of further work to improve the level of social capital in the Russian society. These phenomena are comprehended in the term poststructuralist theories conclusions.

The article is devoted to the personality and work of Confucius, the first Chinese philosopher, professional educator and founder of Confucianism. From the 17^th century Confucius has become a symbol of China in the West, and in the 21^st century he is the main Chinese brand, under which, in particular, around the world there are hundreds of institutions and classes of Confucius. The author shows that in Russia, even in the scientific literature circulated a number of erroneous information about his birth, physical appearance, name and relationship with the founder of the most important alternative philosophy of Taoism - Lao Tzu, many inaccuracies in the translation of the title and in the interpretation of the content of the main work of Confucius «Lun-yu». All of these issues are discussed in the context of critical analysis of works created by L.S. Perelomov, who calls himself Moscow Confucius, because they contain the most detailed description of the biography and creation of Confucius in Russian and most popular translation of «Lun-yu».

Success of Chinese reforms is caused by their methodology - gradualness of decisions, strong analytical work at preparation of economical measures, well thought-out personal policy, consideration of social-economical and historical Chinese conditions during preparation of business projects. Chinese leaders follows the principle of Chinese Marxism joined with propaganda of native mental heritage, first of all Confucianism.

This paper focuses on the specifics of epistemological ideas of Russian philosophers of the 20^th century (G. Shpet, P. Florensky, R. Jakobson). Referring to the problems of «whole knowledge», Russian philosophers formulated semiotic and structuralist ideas that enriched the research traditions of social sciences and the humanities both in Europe and in Russia. These ideas still provide a productive context of more general methodological significance applicable for the modern epistemology of the humanities in the cultural-historical perspective.

The article analyzes the most important epistemological categories: verity, truth, lie, delusion. Contrasting the lie to the truth, the author emphasizes their, unlike the verity’s, being permanently conditioned by subjectivity and demonstrates how topical is this differentiation with regard to law, science and philosophy. The author stresses that knowing the verity together with experience and moral principles opens the path to wisdom.

In article the question of distinction of social, humanitarian and communicative sciences is discussed. The author draws a conclusion that social sciences rely on the principle of a sociologism of E. Durkheim. But this principle sputtered out with completion of transition from traditional society to the modernist. The humanities don’t separate social from human «I», recognizing that the person has no own life. Communicative sciences raises a question of existence of feature of the person. The author draws a conclusion about incompatibility of communication and feature of the person, social and anthropological.

Now a discussion about the status (scientific, ideological, philosophical) of knowledge about human biology is actual. Despite a significant lack, natural sciences created the basis for the application of natural-science approaches in social and humanitarian knowledge and practice. Today it is necessary to state the absence of systematic, complex and complete description of conditions and consequences of application of modern scientific knowledge for change of human nature.

This article is devoted to the transformations that «economic man» experiences in the modern era, which is considered by many researchers as a transition to the «post-economic society». It is noted that the «economic man» not only is not going to the past, but is being totalized, becoming the determinative manifestation of the «man in general».

Cultural and historical development of the human in the information society is strongly associated with transformation of its identity under the influence of IT. Modern technologies not only enhance the natural abilities of a person, but also have an impact on his/her higher mental functions. The studying of the effects of these processes and the preserving of the generic essence of the human in this dynamic information society are becoming the most pressing problems of the humanities.