The article reveals the main problems of neurophilosophy. The central problem of neurophilosophy is the “mind-brain” problem. Theoretical difficulties of this problem and the ways of its solving are discussed in connection with theory of consciousness of G. Edelman.

The article reveals the understanding of neurophilosophy as the philosophy and methodology of neuroscience and highlights its ontological, epistemological and methodological problems. The author proposes a methodological program of Plato for the development of neuroscience and defines the prospects for interpretation of artificial neural networks as formal models for the study of society and human behavior.

The article deals with questions of moral origination, it show that conditions for reflection of many altruistic behavior forms in the evolutionary developed brain structures is the repeating behavior that itself does not conditioned exclusively by genetically bases. The author also discusses the position of J. Searle about consciousness. It is shown that Searle in fact does not distinguish between the concepts of consciousness and psyche, and cannot explain why the neural processes associated with consciousness function realization acquire subjective meaning.

V. Ramachandran’s neuroaesthetics includes the laws of visual perception, formulated on the material of art. Interpreted in a broad sense, these laws apply to the description of scientific knowledge, the main feature of which is abstract thinking.

The article presents an analytical review of the scientific and philosophical events, where Russian neurophilosophy was formed. The main neurophilosophy problems are systemized and an extended definition of neurophilosophy is proposed.

Russia and the other world nowadays are at the bifurcation point where previous trajectory loses stability and new opportunities open. Small influences in this point, for example, development of special technologies and systems based on them can cardinally change the World, the place of human in it and the human himself. We consider opportunities and trajectories of computer technologies and opening perspectives.

The article was retracted on October 20, 2019.

The article deals with socioanthropological dimensions of convergent technologies, in particular with such a developing concept of teleepistemology applied to new forms of subject/object interaction in sociotechnical systems. Specifically so-called cyberphysical systems in umbrella programs of technological development.

I consider modifications of the patient-physician relationship in terms of phenomenology of technology. Using Don Ihde’s phenomenological human-technology-world scheme I discuss the phenomenon of growing number of technological mediators between a patient and a physician from two projections: 1) as a care - from the projection of an intentional act; and 2) as a responsibility - from the projection of an intentional object. I show that technological processes and effects of care and responsibility in medical practices are tightly connected with the historical dynamics of the phenomena of subjectivity and intentionality.

The article deals with historiosophical principles as they were presented in R. Aron’s late works. Here, his emphasis was not so much on history of the past, as on its future prospects. These are no longer supposed to be determined by technological (scientific) growth, but rather by certain strategies which are future - oriented, rationalistic and axiologically neutral.

The article is devoted to the analysis of a peculiar interpretation of the intellectual culture which was put forward by C.A. Helvetius. The author considered his ideas of the causes of changes in the field of literature, philosophy, religious and moral attitudes. From the modern point of view the interpretation of intellectual culture which was proposed by Helvetius is perceived like pretty schematic, to some extent simplified, it psychologically reflects the mechanisms of its functioning. But his arguments abound with deep considerations about particular phenomena, keen observations, and this fact will be the foundation for appeal to different aspects of his heritage for a long time.

In June 2015 there was a conference devoted to the problems of influence of converged NBICS-technologies on the development prospects of socio-anthroposphere. During the discussies, ontology, methodology and a conceptual model of socio-anthropological projections of converting technologies are discussied.